SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE THROUGH DUHA AND OBLIGATORY PRAYERS IN FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS

Abstract

This study aims to (1) describe spiritual intelligence through congregational Duha and obligatory prayers among fourth-grade students at SDIT Muhammadiyah Al-Kautsar, (2) identify obstacles to spiritual intelligence development through these prayer activities, and (3) propose solutions to overcome these obstacles. The research employs a qualitative phenomenological approach, using observation, interviews, and documentation as data collection methods. Data validity is ensured through source and technique triangulation, while data analysis is conducted interactively through data reduction, display, and conclusion drawing. The findings reveal that (1) fourth-grade students exhibit spiritual intelligence characterized by (a) sociability and active engagement, (b) high selfawareness, (c) problem-solving abilities, (d) a life quality rooted in positive values, (e) an aversion to harming others, and (f) frequent inquisitive questioning to teachers and parents. (2) Barriers to spiritual intelligence include (a) a lack of parental reinforcement at home despite teacher guidance at school and (b) some students not reciting prayers and hadith before performing Duha and obligatory prayers. (3) Solutions to these barriers include (a) organizing parent-teacher meetings to ensure parental involvement in reinforcing religious practices and (b) teachers encouraging students by participating in the recitation of prayers and hadith together with them.