COMMISSIVE SPEECH ACTS IN THE NOVEL DILAN: DIA ADALAH DILANKU 1990 AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR INDONESIAN LANGUAGE LEARNING IN VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL (SMK)

Abstract

This study was conducted to describe the various types of commissive speech acts found in Pidi Baiq's novel Dilan: Dia Adalah Dilanku 1990, and to relate the findings to Indonesian language teaching at the vocational high school (SMK) level. A commissive speech act is a form of utterance that binds the speaker to carrying out an action in the future, such as promising, offering, threatening, swearing, refusing, or volunteering. This study applies a qualitative approach through descriptive methods and a sociopragmatic perspective. The data were drawn from the utterances of the characters in the novel and were collected through observation and note-taking techniques. Data analysis proceeded through four stages: data provision, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show 36 instances of commissive speech acts, consisting of promising (12 data), offering (12 data), threatening (2 data), swearing (1 datum), refusing (2 data), and volunteering (7 data). Among these six types, promising and offering appear most frequently in the characters' utterances in the novel. These findings are relevant to Indonesian language teaching in Grade X of SMK, particularly for basic competency 3.11 on analyzing the structure and linguistic features of negotiation texts, given that commissive speech acts are closely related to the adjacency pairs of requesting, offering, proposing, and asking/confirming found in negotiation texts.